Multiply paper.



T SCHERF.

MULTIPLY PAPER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 12. 1917.

1,250,230. Patented Dec. 1917.

2 SHEETS- 2.

T. SCHERF.

MULTIPLY PAPER. APPLICATION FILED FEB. I2. 19w.

Patented Dec. 18, 1917.

SHEET 1.

2 SHEETS- ATENT THEODORE SCHERF, or CLEVELAND, OHIO.

MULTIPLY PAPER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 18, 1917.

Application filed February 12, 1917. Serial No. 148,203.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THEODORE SOHERF, a citizen of the United States,residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improvement in Multiply Paper, ofwhich the following is a full, clear, and exact description, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to multi-ply paper, and moreparticularly to theproduction of such paper wherein opposed plies are reinforced by twoseries of threads or strips, the threads of one series extendingtransversely of the threads of the other series. Paper of the characterreferred to may be used for the purpose of making bags wherein heavy ma-'terial, such as plaster, may be shipped; for making linings forbarrels, in which case overlapping edges of the paper will be united asis the case with the selvage edges of wall paper; and also for wrappingpaper for goods that it is desirable to ship in a water-proof inclosure.

'In producing my paper, I preferv to use a plastic'mineral adhesive,such as asphalt, for the purpose of uniting the bodyportions of the twosheets or plies of paper and also as the means for uniting the extrememarginal edges of such sheets or plies. Where a maximum of pliability isdesired in the finished product, the asphalt (or mineral adhesive) willbe applied in strips, whereby the inherent pliability of thepaper willbe modified to a. minimum extent by the use of such adhesive. For thepurpose of securing the maximum adhesion'between the plies of amulti-ply sheet adjacent to their lateral edges as well as between theoverlapping edges of sheets of such multi-ply paper, I preferablyinterpose an animal or vegetable adhesion (such as glue or tapiocapaste) between the marginal asphalt strips and the surface of asphaltinwardly spaced therefrom, whether such asphaltsurface be a continuoussurface or a surface composed of separated strips. This animal orvegetable adhesive has the capacity of penetrating'the fibers and sizingof the paper and of forming a practically solid body between the twoplies which it unites as well as between the two sheets of multi-plypaper which it unites.

The last mentioned adhesive, however, is not as pliable as is a mineraladhesive, such as asphalt, and particularly where such asphalt hasintermingled therewith some oily substance, such as linseed oil orcastor oil, which serves to maintain the asphalt in a plastic or,semi-plastic condition and to prevent it from becoming hard or brittleas it ages and as it is exposed to cold temperatures.

The purpose of employing the asphalt at the extreme lateral edges of thesheets is threefold; itniaintains in a straight condition, or undertension, the warp and weft threads that are deposited between the twosheets or plies of the paper; it contributes to the desired pliabilityin the finished paper; and it provides a moisture-excluding bond betweenthe two plies of paper at the edges thereof whereby access of moistureto the space between the plies of paper -at such edges will be revented.Furthermore, the oil with which the asphalt is mingled will penetratethe paper sufliciently to prevent moisture from passing therethrough.

In the drawings forming part hereof. I

have shown two forms of my paper, the manner of producing, abag bottomtherefrom, the preferred kind of thread employed for reinforcing thepaper, and a simple mechanism for applying the adhesive to the papershown in Figure 1. In these drawings, Fig. 1 represents a perspectiveview of a piece of my multi-ply paper, one of the plies being foldedback to reveal the arrangement of the threads and of the adhesivematerial; Fig. 2 is a similar view wherein the asphalt is appliedpractically continuously. to the portions of the plies or sheets withinthe marginal edges thereof; Fig. 3 a sectional perspective detail of abag bottom as producedfrom the paper shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 4 a sectionalview of such bottom; Fig. 5 a perspective view of a form of reinforcingthread or strip which has been found to be particularly efficient in theproduction of my paper; Fig. 6 a sectional detail illustrating themanner of uniting the side or lateral edges of sheets of my paper; Fig.7 a transverse sectional view through mechanism for applying adhesive tothe paper shown in Figs. 1 and 6; and Fig. 8 a plan view of suchmechanism.

Describing by reference characters the various parts illustrated herein,1 denotes a edge of the sheet or ply 1 has a strip 5 ofas iihalt appliedthereto and. between such strip and the next adjacent strip 3 there isinterposed a strip (3 of animal or vegetable adhesive, such as glue ortapioca paste.

Cooperating with the sheet or web 1 is a similar sheet or web 1 having applied there,- to strips 3 of asphalt alternating with the strips 3 onthe sheet or web 1 and each strip 3 having a warp thread 4 embedded orpartly embedded therein. The sheet 1 is provided with the marginalasphalt strips 5* and the-adjacent,strips (i of animal or vege tableadhesive applied in the same manner as in the case of the sheet 1.

Between the sheets 1 and 1 are interposed the weft threads 7 Inproducing the multiply paper in accordance with my invention, Icontemplate applying the weft threads in succcssimi as the sheets 1 and1 approach the uniting rollers. While the other mechanisms may beemployed for depositing the weft threads, I prefer the mechanism show'n,described. and claimed in my application No. 98,217, filed May 18, 1916.In the operation of this machine, the weft threads 7 are main tainedunder tension until they are deposited upon the lower shooter-web. It isimportant that these threads should remain straight or under tension,and the marginal strips 5 and 5* of asphalt have been found particularlyetlicient in realizing this object. The warp threads may also be fed tosuch uniting means in the manner shown in the aforesaid application.being so spaced as to register with the asphalt strips 3, 3' 5, and 5and to be incorporated therewith by means of the said uniting means. InFigs. 1 and 2, the parts are shown in the positions which they wouldoccupy if the two plies were pulled apart after having been united withthe warp threads adhering to their respective asphalt strips. In Fig. 2.the sheets or webs 1 and 1 are provided with marginal asphalt strips 5and 5 and the adjacent strips 6 and 6 of animal or vegetable adhesive,in the same manner as is the case with the like designated sheets orwebs in Fig. 1. However, instead of applying the, asphalt to theremainder of the sheets or webs in strips. I have shown each sheet orweb as provided with a solid or continuous body of such asphalt 3". 3-3extending continuously between the strips ti and 6. respectively.

In Figs. and l I have shown the manner in which my paper may be employedfor the production of bag bottoms. in these views, 8 and 8 denote theopposite sides of a bag asaaao and 9 and 9 the side flaps. lhese sideflaps are preferably interlocked whereby four thicknesses of multi-plyreinforced paper will be provided at the joint, and a particularlystrong connection can be afforded in and through the application of glueor paste (or like animal or vegetable adhesive) to the lateralinterlocking edge portions of the flaps, particularl as at least one ofthese flaps (the one which carries the joint between the laterallyconnected sides of the sheet) has incorporated therewith the adhesivematerial (5. (3. The bottoms of the ends of the bag are folded in in theusual manner, as indicated at 10. 10 and will be united to the flaps 9,9 by suitable animal or vegetable adhesive.

In Fig. (i there is shown, in enlarged (letail, the manner in which thelateral edges of paper constructed in accordance with my invention maybe united. In this view, either two multi-ply sheets, or the oppositelateral edges of the same multi-ply sheet, are shown as united by meansof animal or vegetable adhesive material 6, which is interposed betweenthe overlapping webs 1 and 1 This adhesive will penetrate the fibers andsizing of the sheets and cooperate with the like adhesive strips 6. hbetween the plies in forming, a solid bond, while the joint providedbetween and at the lateral edges of the plies of each sheet will bemoistmeexcluding by reason of'the asphalt strips 5 and 5.

Iii-Figs. T and 8,,there is illustrated a simple mechanism for applyingthe two kinds of adhesive to the plies of the paper shown in Fig. 1. Inthese views 11 denotes a tank containing the fluid asphalt. whichasphalt is applied to the web l'or 1 by means f rollers 12. 13 anr 11,the first mentioned roller dipping into the asphaltand having groovedrings '12 thereon which serve to apply the asphalt to the web in strips.The roller 13 is merely a pressure roller to maintain the web in properrelation to the roller 12, while the roller 14 is for the purpose ofremoving surplus material from the rings 12. After passing between therollers 12 and 13, the web travels to the mechanism for applying theanimal or vegetable adhesive. This mechanism comprises a tank 15 androllers 16. 17 and 18, the rollers 17 and 18 being substantiallyidentical with the rollers 13 and ll respectively while the. roller 16has near each end thereof recessed rings 16. The recessed rings 16 areso arranged as to apply adhesive from the tank 15 immedi' ately withinthe adhesive asphalt strips applied hy the end rings 12* on the roller12.

By the employment of asphalt as a means of connecting the plies. theresultant multiply paper more pliable than if an animal or vegetableadhesive were en'iployed; and by incorporating with the asphalt an oilysubstance. such as linseed oil or castor oil,

the asphalt is maintained in a more or less plastic condition wherebythe pliability of the composite sheet is practically unaffected throughtemperature changes and the aging of the paper. This pliability may befurther enhanced by applying the asphalt in strips, and the paper itselfmay be embossed or otherwise specially treated for the purpose ofrendering it soft or pliable before the webs or sheets thereof areunited.

Paper produced in accordance with my invention is sufficiently pliableto be used in the production of paper bags and to' permit the mouths ofsuch bags to be drawn in and tied; while the application of the asphaltin strips not only enables the production of paper having the desirablequalities for bag construction, but accomplishes the result with a largesaving of adhesive material as compared with paper which is united bycontinuous adhesive coating.

In Fig. 5 there is shown the reinforcing thread or strip which I preferto employ in the production of my paper. This thread isa composite one,consisting of a strip of paper 19 twisted into a spiral form, with oneor more pliable copper wires 20 twisted with the strip 19. a The paperof which this composite thread or strip iscomposed adheres to theadhesive strips 5 while the copper wire serves as a binder andstrengthener to prevent the breaking of the paper thread. I havementioned copper as the material of which the wires 20 may be composed;but it is not essential that the wires be made of this particularmaterial, as steel or iron wires might be used for this purpose in whichcase it is preferable that the wires be annealed so as to render thempli able.

As an alternative to employing either solid asphalt (or mineraladhesive) or asphalt in strips as a means for uniting theintermediateportions of the sheets, I may employ alternating strips ofasphalt and animal or vegetable adhesive, Furthermore, I do not proposeto be limited by the term animal or vegetable adhesive to the use of aparticularkind of adhesive, provided that the adhesive employed foruniting the marginal portions of the individual sheets of which themulti-ply paper is composed and for uniting the lateral edges of suchmulti-ply sheets be capable of penetrating the fibers and sizing of thepaper.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. Amulti-ply'sheet of paper comprising two plies or sheets of paperhaving their lateral edges united by strips of mineral adhesive materialand united within and adjacent tosuch strips by strips of animal orvegetable adhesive, and unlted within the last mentioned strips by meansof such mineral adhesive.

2. A multi-ply sheet of paper comprising two plies or sheets of paperhaving their lateral edges united by strips of. mineral a dhesivematerial and united within and adjacent to' such strips by strips ofanimal or vegetable adhesive, and united within the last mentionedstrips by strips of such mineral adhesive. v

3. Multi-ply paper comprising two plies or sheets having their lateraledges united posite sheet.

5. A multi -ply paper comprising two sheets or plies of paper unitedintermediate of their edges by means of a mineral adhesive and unitedclosely adjacent each lateral edge by a strip of. such adhesivematerial.

and a strip of animalor vegetable adhesive material located adjacent toeach of the last mentioned strips and between the same and the centralportion of the composite sheet,- there being reinforcing threadsextending longitudinally of and embedded within such.

mineral adhesive and reinforcing threads extending transversely of thefirst mentioned threads.

6. A multi-ply sheet of paper comprising two sheets or plies ofpaperunited at their lateral edges and at their body portions by strips ofmineral adhesive material and united by strips of animal or vegetableadhesive material between such lateral edge strips and the body-unitingstrips, said sheets or plies having therebetween reinforcing threadsextending longitudinally of and embedded within the strips of mineraladhesive and other reinforcing threads extending transversely of thefirst mentioned threads.

7. A multi-ply sheet of paper comprising a pair of plies or sheets ofpaper united by adhesive material and having reinforcing threadstherebetween, said threads comprising each a twistedstrip of paperhaving wire incorporated therewith.

8. A multi-ply sheet of paper comprising a pair of plies or sheets ofpaper united by adhesive material and having reinforcing threadstherebetween, said threads comprising a strip of twisted paper havingone or more pliable metallic wires twisted therewith.

9. A multi-ply sheet of paper comprising two plies or sheets of paperhaving their lateral edges united by strips of mineral adhesive andunited Within and adjacent to such strips by strips of animal orvegetable eral adhesive, and united Within and adjacent to such stripsby strips of vegetable adhesive, and united Within the last menassesstioned strips by means of spaced strips of an adhesive,

11. A rnulti-ply sheet of paper comprising two sheets or plies of paperhaving the portions thereof intermediate their lateral edges united byspaced strips of adhesive material and having their edge portions unitedby alternating strips of animal or vegetable adhesive and mineraladhesive.

In testimony whereof, ll hereunto afliX my signature.

THEODORE SOHERF.

